Ukrainian forces continue to face intensified Russian ballistic missile and drone attacks, with a notable shift towards faster, more advanced aerial threats. The Netherlands has pledged significant military aid, focusing on air defense and drones. Meanwhile, Houthi forces have conducted ballistic missile strikes against Saudi Arabian and Yemeni targets, and a Liberian-flagged container ship was struck by maritime drones in the Black Sea.
1. Kinetic Strike Log (5W)
- [Ukraine | Day] Where: Kharkiv, Lutsk, Kovel, Chernomorsk
Who/With What: Russian Armed Forces / UAVs
Effect: Strikes hit a logistics center in Kharkiv, an electrical substation (PS-330 ‘Lutsk-Severnaya’) in Lutsk, and an electrical substation (PS-330) in Kovel. A dry cargo ship carrying military supplies to Chernomorsk port was also damaged at sea. These targets are described as supporting military industry and logistics for the AFU [C3] (Source: dva_majors, epoddubny, warhistoryalconafter).
- [Ukraine | Day] Where: Chernihiv, Sumy, Kharkiv, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, Kherson, Chernivtsi regions
Who/With What: Russian forces / UAVs, guided bombs, missile strike
Effect: Multiple civilian casualties reported across various regions. In Chernihiv, three women were injured and one dog killed at a municipal enterprise ‘Step to Animals’. In Sumy, one person was injured at a warehouse. Overall, at least 18 civilians killed and 126 injured across the listed regions. [C3] (Source: CIT_en, warriorsukrainian, astrapress).
- [Ukraine | Day] Where: Raygorodok (Slavyansk agglomeration)
Who/With What: Western Group of Forces / Rocket attack
Effect: Eliminated a Ukrainian Armed Forces UAV control point, located in apartment blocks [C3] (Source: Slavyangrad).
- [Black Sea | Day] Where: 16 nautical miles off Cape Kaliakra, Bulgaria
Who/With What: Russian maritime drones
Effect: The Liberian-flagged container ship CONTSHIP JET was struck by three maritime drones. The 18-member crew abandoned the vessel and was rescued. More than 20 containers, including hazardous substances, fell into the sea. The ship was en route from Haifa, Israel, to Constanța, Romania. [B2] (Source: warriorsukrainian, MilitaryNewsEN, CIG_telegram, BSKY: seanews).
- [Yemen/Saudi Arabia | Day] Where: Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia; Aden air(base)port, Yemen
Who/With What: Houthi AnsarAllah / Ballistic missiles
Effect: Ballistic missiles struck parts of the ARAMCO refinery at Ras Tanura, damaging the main cracker unit. Reports also indicate strikes on Aden’s air(base)port twice in one day, after warnings about Saudi military aircraft landing there. [C3] (Source: FotrosResistancee, warsonline1, ssternenko, news).
- [Syria | Day] Where: Southern Syria
Who/With What: Royal Jordanian Air Force (RJAF) / Fighter jets
Effect: Operation ‘Jordanian Deterrence – Hmoud’ targeted bases of terrorist organizations. RJAF fighter jets destroyed several terrorist locations, killing and wounding terrorists and destroying their equipment. This was in retaliation for an attack on a church in Hmoud. [C3] (Source: infantmilitario, FrontlineReportNews).
- [Russia | Day] Where: Novomoskovsk chemical plant ‘Azot’, Tula Oblast
Who/With What: Unidentified / Strike
Effect: A fire broke out at an ammonium nitrate warehouse. Thick smoke from the industrial zone drifted towards Moscow. [C3] (Source: absolutely_reliable).
- [Russia | Day] Where: Belgorod, Shebekino, Krasnoyaruzhsky district (Krasnaya Yaruga), Grayvoronsky district (Novostroyevka-Pervaya)
Who/With What: Unidentified / Drones
Effect: Two women were injured in Shebekino from a drone attack on a car. Damage included a vehicle, windows of a private house, facade, and fence. In Belgorod, a drone exploded at an infrastructure object, damaging an administrative building’s roof. In Krasnaya Yaruga, a drone attacked a car, damaging windows and a fence. In Novostroyevka-Pervaya, a drone attack damaged a private house’s roof and windows. [C3] (Source: belpepel).
- [Russia | Day] Where: Klintsy, Bryansk Oblast
Who/With What: Ukrainian drone
Effect: Struck a passenger railway train at Klintsy station, damaging the control cabin of a rail bus. The crew and passengers were evacuated, no injuries reported. [C3] (Source: dva_majors).
- [Ukraine | Day] Where: North-Slobozhansk direction
Who/With What: Border guards of the ‘Steel Border’ / Unidentified means
Effect: Destroyed starting positions of Russian UAVs and an antenna. Seven occupiers, four ammunition/property warehouses, a car, and an ATV were hit. [C3] (Source: warriorsukrainian, BSKY: maks23).
- [Ukraine | Day] Where: Kharkiv region (Nadtochii), Zhytomyr, Chernihiv, Cherkasy, Zaporizhzhia, Dnipropetrovsk regions
Who/With What: Russian Armed Forces / Geran-5 UAVs
Effect: A logistics center ‘Budmen’ in Kharkiv was hit. An enterprise of electronic industry (LLC ‘Ukrspetssvyaz NTP’) in Nadtochii was also struck. Single and small groups of ‘Geran’ drones operated in other listed regions. [C3] (Source: voenkorKotenok).
- [Ukraine | Day] Where: Omsk, Russia (October 24)
Who/With What: Ukrainian drones
Effect: Damaged process units at the Omsk Kauchuk plant and pipelines at Poliom LLC. [B2] (Source: BSKY: militarnyi.com, BSKY: wartranslated, BSKY: jayinkyiv).
- [Ukraine | Day] Where: Kramatorsk
Who/With What: Russian FPV drone
Effect: Killed Canadian volunteer Jesse Adams during an animal evacuation. [C3] (Source: BSKY: euromaidanpress, nexta_live).
2. Identified Equipment, Armament, and Combat Modifications
Anti-Tank Weapons
- Model: RGW110 heavy disposable anti-tank weapon
Finland will procure this weapon from Germany’s Dynamit Nobel Defence to replace the APILAS launcher. The purchase is worth approximately €84.5 million, with deliveries starting in 2027. [C3] (Source: finland-buys-german-rgw110-anti-tank-weapon, MilitaryNewsEN).
Air Defense Systems
- Model: MIM-23 Hawk
A single MIM-23 Hawk air-defense missile reportedly intercepted two Russian Kalibr cruise missiles in one engagement. Ukraine’s inventory of Hawk launchers and interceptors is not publicly itemized, but deliveries from Spain and the US are sufficient for roughly four batteries. [B2] (Source: noel_reports, arrowsmap, warriorsukrainian, yigal_levin).
- Model: Patriot system
The US is rushing an additional Patriot battery to Israel as part of a broader military buildup in the Middle East, in anticipation of a potential confrontation with Iran. [C3] (Source: geopolitics_prime, MilitaryNewsEN).
- Model: PAC-3 anti-aircraft missiles (for Patriot systems)
Poland will host the first maintenance center outside the U.S. for these missiles. [C3] (Source: przemysl, BSKY: militarnyi.com).
- Model: Crotale air defense systems
Finnish-supplied French Crotale systems are intercepting Russian aerial targets over Ukraine, primarily jet-powered drones, at ranges of 10-11 km and altitudes up to 6 km. [C3] (Source: BSKY: osintradar).
Drones/UAVs
- Model: Geran-4 jet-powered loitering munition
A Ukrainian Air Force F-16AM multirole fighter shot down a Russian Geran-4 using an AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missile. [B2] (Source: OSINTWarfare, ukrbavovna, militarysummary).
- Model: Geran-5, Geran-5 K5-K
Russia has modernized the Geran-5 and developed the Geran-5 K5-K, which has a lighter frame, higher speed, increased altitude, and optical navigation (‘Susannin’) for greater range and resistance to EW. [C3] (Source: voenkorKotenok, StrategicaviationT).
- Model: Filin cruise missile
A new Russian cruise missile, an analogue to the ‘Banderol’, capable of over 1000 km range, faster than jet UAVs, and can fly low to evade radar. Launched from mobile ground installations, making launch areas difficult to target. Carries about 100 kg of explosives and is cheap to produce. [C3] (Source: StrategicaviationT).
- Model: Bars interceptor drones
Ukraine received 2,000 ‘Bars’ interceptor drones, funded by a European country (Germany), but their operation was temporarily halted due to Starshield system restrictions. [C3] (Source: milinua, in_factum, BSKY: militarnyi.com, BSKY: wartranslated).
- Model: Ghost-X unmanned aircraft system
U.S. Army Ghost-X UAS are used for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance; targeting support; perimeter security; and force protection. The 2nd Battalion, 254th Regional Training Institute, New Jersey Army National Guard, trains personnel on this and other UAS systems. [A1] (Source: video).
- Model: Shahed-238, Parodiya, Banderol/Dan-T
Russia has increased the use of these reactive drones in combined attacks, significantly reducing reaction time for air defense. [C3] (Source: eRadarrua).
- Model: Shahed-131/136, Gerbera
In October 2025, Russia primarily used these piston-engine drones with a large number of cheap plywood decoy targets. [C3] (Source: eRadarrua).
- Model: Mavic 3T thermal drones
Fundraiser launched to purchase two DJI Mavic 3T thermal drones for Ukraine’s 110th Brigade for nighttime operations. [C3] (Source: warriorsukrainian).
Missiles
- Model: AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missile
Used by a Ukrainian F-16AM to shoot down a Russian Geran-4 jet-powered loitering munition. [B2] (Source: OSINTWarfare, ukrbavovna, militarysummary).
- Model: Kalibr cruise missiles
Two Russian Kalibr cruise missiles were reportedly intercepted simultaneously by a single MIM-23 Hawk missile. [B2] (Source: noel_reports, arrowsmap, warriorsukrainian).
- Model: Iskander-M, Iskander-1000, KN-23, Zircon, S-400
Russia has increased its use of ballistic and hypersonic missiles, with up to 39 ballistic and hypersonic missiles in a single night attack. The Iskander-M complex is being modernized with new modifications (including Iskander-1000 with increased range and larger engine), altered flight trajectories, and jam-resistant ‘Kometa’ modules. [C3] (Source: milinua, eRadarrua).
- Model: Trident intercontinental range ballistic missiles
Three of the British Royal Navy’s four Vanguard-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines are at sea simultaneously, an unusual development. Each submarine can deploy up to 16 Trident missiles, each carrying up to eight warheads. [C3] (Source: article, BSKY: militarnyi.com).
Other Equipment
- Model: K2 tanks
Several K2 tanks in service with the Polish Land Forces are currently undergoing maintenance and repairs. [C3] (Source: sily-zbrojne).
- Model: Atlantique 2 patrol anti-submarine aircraft
A French Navy Atlantique 2 aircraft has been redeployed to Romania’s 57th ‘Mihail Kogălniceanu’ Air Base for reconnaissance of the western Black Sea, detecting navigation threats, and protecting critical infrastructure. [C3] (Source: dva_majors, two_majors).
- Model: P-8A Poseidon anti-submarine aircraft
A U.S. Navy P-8A Poseidon aircraft was previously relocated from Italy’s Sigonella airbase to Bulgaria. [C3] (Source: dva_majors, two_majors).
- Model: IAR-330 Puma Naval helicopters
Romania has increased patrols of its Black Sea waters using these helicopters. [C3] (Source: dva_majors, two_majors).
- Model: Starshield system
Restrictions on this system temporarily prevented the use of 2,000 ‘Bars’ interceptor drones by Ukraine. Zelensky stated that Starshield is used against Russian forces on Ukrainian territory, primarily for logistics and countering Shaheds and jet drones. [C3] (Source: milinua, in_factum, BSKY: militarnyi.com).
- Model: Mesh-networks (for UAV control)
Russia can control Shahed-type drones online up to 170 km from a ground control point using mesh-networks, developed as an alternative to Starlink. Components are supplied by China. Russian drones like Geran, Gerbera, Orlan, Lancet, Scalpel, Supercam, and Molniya use mesh-modems. [C3] (Source: in_factum).
3. Unit Dislocation and Activity (ORBAT Tracker)
- Unit Name/Number: HUR Ghosts unit
Carried out a series of strikes against Russian communications and electronic infrastructure, including antenna complexes, UAV MESH repeaters, electronic warfare systems, Starlink jamming stations, and electrical substations. [C3] (Source: noel_reports, warriorsukrainian, DIUkraine, operativnoZSU).
- Unit Name/Number: 18th Sloviansk Brigade of the National Guard of Ukraine (part of 2nd Corps of National Guard ‘Khartiia’)
Conducted aerial reconnaissance in Chasiv Yar, documenting the city’s destruction. [B2] (Source: CombatFootageReddi, ButusovPlus).
- Unit Name/Number: 117th Brigade of the Territorial Defense Forces
Currently controls the village of Mala Dibrova. [C3] (Source: CombatFootageReddi).
- Unit Name/Number: 53rd Separate Mechanized Brigade (1st mechanized battalion)
Sergeant Khruch and an assault group from this battalion were involved in the ‘Vivaldi’ operation to clear Mala Dibrova. [C3] (Source: CombatFootageReddi).
- Unit Name/Number: GUR ‘Khymera’ unit (part of ‘Timur’ Special Unit)
Set up an ambush on a Russian military advance route towards Zaporizhzhia, resulting in the capture of two Russian infantrymen. [C3] (Source: warriorsukrainian, DIUkraine).
- Unit Name/Number: 50th Brigade of Unmanned Systems ‘Varyag’, Brigade of Unmanned Aviation ‘GROM ‘Kaskad’ of Russian Aerospace Forces
Actively using mesh-systems for remote control of ‘Geran’ strikes over 50 km deep into Ukrainian rear. [C3] (Source: in_factum).
- Unit Name/Number: 414th Brigade ‘Birds of Madyar’ (Topota Battalion)
Achieved 10,000 ‘vyobs’ (presumably drone strikes/engagements), focusing on intercepting enemy UAVs and middle-strike operations. [C3] (Source: in_factum).
- Unit Name/Number: 59th Motorized Brigade (Predators of the Heights)
Received reinforced batteries for middle-strike drones and destroyed several trucks and a car deep behind enemy lines. [C3] (Source: warriorsukrainian, ssternenko, in_factum).
- Unit Name/Number: 1st Corps of the National Guard ‘Azov’
Reported disabling over 100 Russian trains, including locomotives, fuel tankers, and cargo wagons, disrupting Russian logistics. [C3] (Source: ButusovPlus, BSKY: wartranslated).
- Unit Name/Number: 3rd Motorized Infantry Battalion of the 58th Brigade of the AFU
Engaged and eliminated Russian infantry attempting to break through an open field towards their positions. [B2] (Source: yigal_levin).
- Unit Name/Number: 13th Brigade of Operational Purpose ‘Khartiia’ (AFU)
A junior lieutenant from this brigade had his work computer compromised by Russian hackers, leading to the loss of unit data and disruption of electronic reconnaissance. [C3] (Source: boris_rozhin).
- Unit Name/Number: Dnepr group of forces (Russian)
Russian Defence Minister Andrei Belousov inspected this group and instructed them to increase the effectiveness of strike drone operations. [C3] (Source: Slavyangrad).
- Unit Name/Number: Svoboda Battalion of Ukraine’s Rubizh Brigade
Reformed as an Unmanned Systems Unit under the 23rd Assault Regiment. [C3] (Source: militaryland.net).
- Unit Name/Number: 40th Artillery Brigade
Hit a Russian command post, a munition depot, and fuel storage sites in the occupied south of Ukraine with drones. [C3] (Source: BSKY: blinzka).
- Unit Name/Number: 36th Marine Brigade, 2nd Battalion
FPV crews from this unit adapt to changing rules and continue fighting, despite increased risks in reaching launch positions. [C3] (Source: BSKY: euromaidanpress).
- Unit Name/Number: 32nd Separate Mechanized Brigade “Steel”
Air defense troops from this brigade, traditionally focused on shooting down Russian aircraft, have begun flying drones themselves to hunt targets over the front. [C3] (Source: BSKY: euromaidanpress).
- Unit Name/Number: 1st Squadron, 94th Cavalry Regiment
A cavalry scout from this unit was at Camp Ripley Training Center. [A1] (Source: video).
- Unit Name/Number: HHC, 334 Brigade Engineer Battalion
A captain from this unit was at Camp Ripley Training Center. [A1] (Source: video).
- Unit Name/Number: 156th Force Support Squadron, Puerto Rico Air National Guard
Supported U.S. Air Force Academy training operations for the third consecutive year, providing food service and strengthening expeditionary readiness. [A1] (Source: news).
- Unit Name/Number: 10th Mountain Division (LI)
Soldiers from this division entered the jungles of Panama for training. [A1] (Source: news).
- Unit Name/Number: 4th Space Operations Squadron, Mission Delta 8
Hosted local students from Patriot Applied Learning Campus. [A1] (Source: news).
- Unit Name/Number: Security Force Assistance Brigade (SFAB)
The Army’s only remaining SFAB helped broker a ceasefire in Southeast Asia, working to counter Chinese influence in the Indo-Pacific theater. [C3] (Source: BSKY: defenseone).
- Unit Name/Number: 47th Brigade Mahura
Ukrainian defenders from this brigade are guarding their motherland. [C3] (Source: BSKY: euromaidanpress).
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